Top Research Center In Asia-Pasific

What’s up guys, we meet again. Before we are making a presentation, we would like to share  about some of the organization which is taking part on making a research on road safety. Effective research on road safety issues is an essential pre-requisite to better understanding of the problem and provides the framework against which effective policies and counter-measures should be developed which involving some of the university and research institutes. Emhhh…. Maybe there are some collaborative research on several countries or institutes and which is funded from several different sources. Yeah…. there are twenty eight research institutes and universities were identified as being most likely to have carried out road safety research in the Asia/Pacific region. A few of these research institutes and universities have become more seriously involved in road safety research in recent years and they, along with TRL, have provided the majority of background road safety research which has been undertaken in the region in recent years. The most important of these institutions are outlined below.

From the replies received (15 out of 28 at date of writing), the six most active organisations undertaking road safety research in the area appear to be:

1 Transport Research Laboratory (TRL), UK.

2 Central Road Research Institute (CRRI), India.

3 Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), India.

4 Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Bangladesh.

5 Traffic Sciences Institute (TSI), (Korean Road Traffic Association), Korea.

6 The Korean Transport Institute (KOTI), Korea.

Each of these is briefly described below:

The Transport Research Laboratory, UK.

Recognised as the leading and most active and influential research institution on road safety problems in the developing world especially in Asia and Pacific Region. The fundamental aim of such work has been to provide scientifically sound advice on ways of reducing road accidents. This work of the TRL has been supported over the years through DFID as part of the British Aid Programme to the developing countries. The TRL has focused on four main road safety themes over the years namely:

· The development of micro based accident data systems to permit better collection storage

   and analyses of accident data (this is now in use in around 15-20 countries around the

   world, including around 10 or 12 Asian/Pacific countries).

· Low cost safety remedial measures (measures have been developed and implemented in a

   number of Asian/Pacific countries including Pakistan, PNG, Malaysia, China).

· Road user behaviour studies covering driver knowledge and behaviour and traffic

   education of children. Such work has been undertaken in Pakistan, India and Thailand. The

   research work of TRL has been supplemented with practical project experience on

   assignments for DFID and other funding agencies.

· Training road safety professionals via the development/distribution of guidelines and

   training materials on road safety issues.
 

The Central Road Research Institute (CRRI), India

In recent years and are being encouraged to focus research efforts into areas where

other agencies from the private sector are willing to finance. The main objective of CRRI road

safety research has been to create road safety awareness amongst the decision makers in India.

CRRI has attempted to stimulate interest by publicising the worsening road safety situation and the issues that are involved. Thus much of their previous work has been in the analysis of accident data to evaluate and describe the road safety crisis. CRRI has also done much

research in areas of driver testing (visual and psycho-physical assessment systems) and these

projects have been jointly organised and partly funded by the private sector. At present, CRRI has an ongoing road safety research project in the areas of non-motorised vehicle accidents, motor cycle helmet usage, design standards and operational practices of median installation, road safety in and around schools and further research into driver evaluation methods.

The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), India

Within IIT, the centre for biomedical engineering has focused on injury control and this has included road safety with particular reference to vulnerable road users (VRU) which includes

pedestrians, bicyclists, and motorised two wheeler riders. As one of the 13 collaborating centres world wide (TRL is also one), the centre has focused on problem areas specific to developing countries and has undertaken assessment of the road safety policies in Indonesia, and produced an injury development programme for Libya. Its research work in India has been funded from various Indian Government organisations as well as international donors such as the US Agency for International Development (USAid), and the World Research Institute (WRI).  Its focus will be on urban transportation issues and safer transport on national highways in particular.

The Korea Transport Institute (KOTI), Korea

The Korea Transport Institute (KOTI) formerly operated under the Ministry of Transport and now operates under the newly amalgamated Ministry of Transport and Construction. It undertakes research projects on behalf of the MoT but most of these tend to be consultancy type projects such as feasibility studies and practical implementation projects. It seeks to provide policy guidance to MoT on road safety issues.

Traffic Sciences Institute (TSI), Korea

The Traffic Sciences Institute (TSI) is a recently established research institute which operates within the Korea Road Traffic Safety Association. It concentrates on road safety research and is potentially the main road safety research organisation in Korea undertaking research projects in all sectors of road safety. Funding for TSI is provided via the Road Traffic Safety Association. With its numerous highly qualified research staff (many have doctorates) it is expected to become the premier road safety Research Institute in Korea.

Other Research

United States

Advocates for Highway and Auto Safety is an alliance of consumer, health, and safety groups and insurance companies and agents that seeks to educate the public, the press, and policymakers about the need for improved highway and auto safety regulations. This site offers information on state laws, legislative alerts, polls on highway safety issues, and other reports.

The American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators (AAMVA) - developing model programs in motor vehicle administration, law enforcement, and highway safety. The association also serves as an information clearinghouse in these areas, and acts as the international spokesman for these interests.

Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)-conducts research on safety practices and technologies for all phases of highway design and operations, focusing on ways to improve intersections, pedestrian and bicyclist safety, run-off-road safety, and speed management and recently change to Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) which activities include enforcement of safety regulations, targeting high-risk carriers and commercial motor vehicle drivers, improving safety information systems and commercial motor vehicle technologies, strengthening commercial motor vehicle equipment and operating standards, and increasing safety awareness. The Governors Highway Safety Association (GHSA) -provides leadership and representation for the states and territories to improve traffic safety, influence national policy and enhance program management. Its members are appointed by their Governors to administer federal and state highway safety funds and implement state higway safety plans. The Highway Safety Research Center (HSRC) - conducts interdisciplinary research aimed at reducing deaths, injuries, and related societal costs of roadway crashes. Research examines motor vehicle, bicycle, and pedestrian crashes, taking into account human, vehicular, roadway and environmental factors. Center researchers investigate issues that may affect future legislation and policies, including: driver distraction, graduated driver licensing, the role of alcohol in crashes, elderly driving issues, occupant restraint use, roadway design, commercial vehicle safety and enforcement, as well as pedestrian and bicycle safety. The Injury Prevention Web (IPW) is an advertising-free site supported by the Center for Injury Prevention Policy and Practice at San Diego State University. It contains data on injury occurrence in each of the 50 US states, prevention information, policy recommendations, and a resources section with links to government and nonprofit sites worldwide. Insurance Research Council (IRC) - conducts research to assist insurers and the general public in reaching sound decisions on legislative and regulatory issues. US Department of Transportation (DOT) is the federal agency responsible for overall national policy for all transportation modes (air, rail, marine, and road). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)-Available on this site are crash statistics, vehicle safety ratings from the agency's frontal and side impact test programs, vehicle safety regulations and standards, recall announcements, and a wide range of other consumer and technical information. Partners for Child Passenger Safety (PCPS)- a research partnership between The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and State Farm Insurance Companies, is the country's largest research project devoted to children in crashes. Site includes PCPS research findings, educational resource materials, and multimedia information for parents/caregivers on the basics of child passenger safety. United Kingdom The Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA) with funding from the British Government, provides advice on choosing, fitting and using child car restraints. Also included on the site are legal requirements for using child restraints, safety standards for child restraints, links to child car seat manufacturers and retailers, and links to other organizations that provide help or advice in connection with child car restraints. Parliamentary Advisory Council for Transport Safety (PACTS) is a registered charity and an associate Parliamentary Group. Its aim is to advise and inform members of the House of Commons and House of Lords on air, rail, and road safety issues and to promote transport policies to protect human life. Thatcham is an automotive research and technology center that provides the automotive and motor insurance industries with commercial information through research and development, consultancy, training and publishing services. Transport Research Laboratory (TRL) is an independent research center focusing on surface transport and safety issues, such as roundabouts, accident investigations, road user behavior studies, education, training, publicity and enforcement.Advocates for Highway and Auto Safety is an alliance of consumer, health, and safety groups and insurance companies and agents that seeks to educate the public, the press, and policymakers about the need for improved highway and auto safety regulations. This site offers information on state laws, legislative alerts, polls on highway safety issues, and other reports.The American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators (AAMVA) is a nonprofit organization developing model programs in motor vehicle administration, law enforcement, and highway safety. The association also serves as an information clearinghouse in these areas, and acts as the international spokesman for these interests. Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), part of the US Department of Transportation, oversees federal funding for the construction and improvement of highways, urban and rural roads, and bridges. In the area of safety, FHWA conducts research on safety practices and technologies for all phases of highway design and operations, focusing on ways to improve intersections, pedestrian and bicyclist safety, run-off-road safety, and speed management. Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA), formerly part of the Federal Highway Administration, oversees commercial motor vehicle safety. FMCSA activities include enforcement of safety regulations, targeting high-risk carriers and commercial motor vehicle drivers, improving safety information systems and commercial motor vehicle technologies, strengthening commercial motor vehicle equipment and operating standards, and increasing safety awareness. The Governors Highway Safety Association (GHSA) is a nonprofit association representing the highway safety offices of states, territories, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. GHSA provides leadership and representation for the states and territories to improve traffic safety, influence national policy and enhance program management. Its members are appointed by their Governors to administer federal and state highway safety funds and implement state higway safety plans. The Highway Safety Research Center (HSRC) at UNC conducts interdisciplinary research aimed at reducing deaths, injuries, and related societal costs of roadway crashes. Research examines motor vehicle, bicycle, and pedestrian crashes, taking into account human, vehicular, roadway and environmental factors. Center researchers investigate issues that may affect future legislation and policies, including: driver distraction, graduated driver licensing, the role of alcohol in crashes, elderly driving issues, occupant restraint use, roadway design, commercial vehicle safety and enforcement, as well as pedestrian and bicycle safety. The Injury Prevention Web (IPW) is an advertising-free site supported by the Center for Injury Prevention Policy and Practice at San Diego State University. It contains data on injury occurrence in each of the 50 US states, prevention information, policy recommendations, and a resources section with links to government and nonprofit sites worldwide. The IPW links to groups with a focus on a large variety of fields: codes and standards, education, ergonomics, fire prevention, industrial safety, interior design, legislation and litigation, public health, traffic safety, product safety, disasters, and more. Insurance Research Council (IRC) is an independent, nonprofit research organization supported by property and casualty insurance companies and associations. IRC conducts research to assist insurers and the general public in reaching sound decisions on legislative and regulatory issues. US Department of Transportation (DOT) is the federal agency responsible for overall national policy for all transportation modes (air, rail, marine, and road). DOT agencies with an interest in highway safety include the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Federal Highway Administration, and Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. The DOT Auto Safety Hotline specializes in gathering information about safety problems in motor vehicles and equipment. The Hotline can be dialed toll free at 1-888-DASH-2-DOT (1-888-327-4236). In operation since 1975, the Hotline provides information about motor vehicle safety, child safety seats, vehicle importation and certification, and airbags. Consumers may also speak with a consultant to file reports on vehicle safety defects and provide recall and other valuable information. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), part of the US Department of Transportation, administers federal laws relating to motor vehicle and highway safety. Available on this site are crash statistics, vehicle safety ratings from the agency's frontal and side impact test programs, vehicle safety regulations and standards, recall announcements, and a wide range of other consumer and technical information. Network of Employers for Traffic Safety The NETS mission is to reduce traffic crashes involving America's workers and their families by helping employers implement well-developed policies, dynamic workplace programs, and compelling community activities related to traffic safety. Government and industry leaders created the organization to address the human and economic impact of traffic crashes on the nation's workforce as well as their families and communities. Partners for Child Passenger Safety (PCPS), a research partnership between The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and State Farm Insurance Companies, is the country's largest research project devoted to children in crashes. Site includes PCPS research findings, educational resource materials, and multimedia information for parents/caregivers on the basics of child passenger safety. Roadway Safety Foundation is a private, nonprofit organization dedicated to reducing highway deaths and injuries by improving the physical design and condition of roadways. Sweden Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI) performs research and development for the Swedish government and other clients in areas such as traffic engineering, traffic safety, road user behavior, collision safety, automotive engineering, and human factors research, in addition to economic and environmental assessments.Childcarseats.org.uk, a site created by The Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA) with funding from the British Government, provides advice on choosing, fitting and using child car restraints. Also included on the site are legal requirements for using child restraints, safety standards for child restraints, links to child car seat manufacturers and retailers, and links to other organizations that provide help or advice in connection with child car restraints. The U.K. Department for Transport site includes links to resources on road safety, vehicle regulations and standards, and highway and road information. Highways Agency maintains, operates and improves the network of trunk roads and motorways in England. Parliamentary Advisory Council for Transport Safety (PACTS) is a registered charity and an associate Parliamentary Group. Its aim is to advise and inform members of the House of Commons and House of Lords on air, rail, and road safety issues and to promote transport policies to protect human life. Thatcham is an automotive research and technology center that provides the automotive and motor insurance industries with commercial information through research and development, consultancy, training and publishing services. Also see their New Car Whiplash Rating (NCWR) site. Transport Research Laboratory (TRL) is an independent research center focusing on surface transport and safety issues, such as roundabouts, accident investigations, road user behavior studies, education, training, publicity and enforcement. Advocates for Highway and Auto Safety is an alliance of consumer, health, and safety groups and insurance companies and agents that seeks to educate the public, the press, and policymakers about the need for improved highway and auto safety regulations. This site offers information on state laws, legislative alerts, polls on highway safety issues, and other reports. The American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators (AAMVA) is a nonprofit organization developing model programs in motor vehicle administration, law enforcement, and highway safety. The association also serves as an information clearinghouse in these areas, and acts as the international spokesman for these interests. Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), part of the US Department of Transportation, oversees federal funding for the construction and improvement of highways, urban and rural roads, and bridges. In the area of safety, FHWA conducts research on safety practices and technologies for all phases of highway design and operations, focusing on ways to improve intersections, pedestrian and bicyclist safety, run-off-road safety, and speed management. Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA), formerly part of the Federal Highway Administration, oversees commercial motor vehicle safety. FMCSA activities include enforcement of safety regulations, targeting high-risk carriers and commercial motor vehicle drivers, improving safety information systems and commercial motor vehicle technologies, strengthening commercial motor vehicle equipment and operating standards, and increasing safety awareness. The Governors Highway Safety Association (GHSA) is a nonprofit association representing the highway safety offices of states, territories, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. GHSA provides leadership and representation for the states and territories to improve traffic safety, influence national policy and enhance program management. Its members are appointed by their Governors to administer federal and state highway safety funds and implement state higway safety plans. The Highway Safety Research Center (HSRC) at UNC conducts interdisciplinary research aimed at reducing deaths, injuries, and related societal costs of roadway crashes. Research examines motor vehicle, bicycle, and pedestrian crashes, taking into account human, vehicular, roadway and environmental factors. Center researchers investigate issues that may affect future legislation and policies, including: driver distraction, graduated driver licensing, the role of alcohol in crashes, elderly driving issues, occupant restraint use, roadway design, commercial vehicle safety and enforcement, as well as pedestrian and bicycle safety. The Injury Prevention Web (IPW) is an advertising-free site supported by the Center for Injury Prevention Policy and Practice at San Diego State University. It contains data on injury occurrence in each of the 50 US states, prevention information, policy recommendations, and a resources section with links to government and nonprofit sites worldwide. The IPW links to groups with a focus on a large variety of fields: codes and standards, education, ergonomics, fire prevention, industrial safety, interior design, legislation and litigation, public health, traffic safety, product safety, disasters, and more. Insurance Research Council (IRC) is an independent, nonprofit research organization supported by property and casualty insurance companies and associations. IRC conducts research to assist insurers and the general public in reaching sound decisions on legislative and regulatory issues. US Department of Transportation (DOT) is the federal agency responsible for overall national policy for all transportation modes (air, rail, marine, and road). DOT agencies with an interest in highway safety include the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Federal Highway Administration, and Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. The DOT Auto Safety Hotline specializes in gathering information about safety problems in motor vehicles and equipment. The Hotline can be dialed toll free at 1-888-DASH-2-DOT (1-888-327-4236). In operation since 1975, the Hotline provides information about motor vehicle safety, child safety seats, vehicle importation and certification, and airbags. Consumers may also speak with a consultant to file reports on vehicle safety defects and provide recall and other valuable information. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), part of the US Department of Transportation, administers federal laws relating to motor vehicle and highway safety. Available on this site are crash statistics, vehicle safety ratings from the agency's frontal and side impact test programs, vehicle safety regulations and standards, recall announcements, and a wide range of other consumer and technical information. Network of Employers for Traffic Safety The NETS mission is to reduce traffic crashes involving America's workers and their families by helping employers implement well-developed policies, dynamic workplace programs, and compelling community activities related to traffic safety. Government and industry leaders created the organization to address the human and economic impact of traffic crashes on the nation's workforce as well as their families and communities. Partners for Child Passenger Safety (PCPS), a research partnership between The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and State Farm Insurance Companies, is the country's largest research project devoted to children in crashes. Site includes PCPS research findings, educational resource materials, and multimedia information for parents/caregivers on the basics of child passenger safety. Roadway Safety Foundation is a private, nonprofit organization dedicated to reducing highway deaths and injuries by improving the physical design and condition of roadways.

Denmark

Danish Transport Research Institute (Danmarks Transport Forskning) is a sector research institute under the Danish Ministry of Transport. The purpose of the Institute is to strengthen transport research, with special focus on such fields as transport safety, the load of transport on the environment and energy resources, as well as transport economics and transport models.

Canada

Traffic Injury Research Foundation (TIRF) is a national, independent road safety institute based in Canada. TIRF conducts research, evaluation, and policy development in areas such as driver licensing, motorcycle safety, driver education, training and assessment, treatment of impaired driving offenders, elderly road users, and bicycle safety.

Transport Canada is Canada's national transportation agency. Transport Canada sets policies, regulations and standards to protect the safety, security, and efficiency of Canada's rail, marine, road, and air transportation systems.

Australia Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety, Queensland (CARRS-Q), is a joint initiative of the Motor Accident Insurance Commission and Queensland University of Technology. The Centre's purpose is to conduct, collaborate, and coordinate research and teaching programs aimed at identifying and changing community behavior leading to improved safety on the roads, in workplaces, and in the communities. VicRoads Corporation is a Australian statutory authority operating under the registered business name of VicRoads. It is responsible for maintaining and improving Victoria's arterial roads, bridges, and major culverts. VicRoads also develops road safety programs, registers vehicles, and licenses drivers. Advocates for Highway and Auto Safety is an alliance of consumer, health, and safety groups and insurance companies and agents that seeks to educate the public, the press, and policymakers about the need for improved highway and auto safety regulations. This site offers information on state laws, legislative alerts, polls on highway safety issues, and other reports. The American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators (AAMVA) is a nonprofit organization developing model programs in motor vehicle administration, law enforcement, and highway safety. The association also serves as an information clearinghouse in these areas, and acts as the international spokesman for these interests. Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), part of the US Department of Transportation, oversees federal funding for the construction and improvement of highways, urban and rural roads, and bridges. In the area of safety, FHWA conducts research on safety practices and technologies for all phases of highway design and operations, focusing on ways to improve intersections, pedestrian and bicyclist safety, run-off-road safety, and speed management. Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA), formerly part of the Federal Highway Administration, oversees commercial motor vehicle safety. FMCSA activities include enforcement of safety regulations, targeting high-risk carriers and commercial motor vehicle drivers, improving safety information systems and commercial motor vehicle technologies, strengthening commercial motor vehicle equipment and operating standards, and increasing safety awareness. The Governors Highway Safety Association (GHSA) is a nonprofit association representing the highway safety offices of states, territories, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. GHSA provides leadership and representation for the states and territories to improve traffic safety, influence national policy and enhance program management. Its members are appointed by their Governors to administer federal and state highway safety funds and implement state higway safety plans. The Highway Safety Research Center (HSRC) at UNC conducts interdisciplinary research aimed at reducing deaths, injuries, and related societal costs of roadway crashes. Research examines motor vehicle, bicycle, and pedestrian crashes, taking into account human, vehicular, roadway and environmental factors. Center researchers investigate issues that may affect future legislation and policies, including: driver distraction, graduated driver licensing, the role of alcohol in crashes, elderly driving issues, occupant restraint use, roadway design, commercial vehicle safety and enforcement, as well as pedestrian and bicycle safety. The Injury Prevention Web (IPW) is an advertising-free site supported by the Center for Injury Prevention Policy and Practice at San Diego State University. It contains data on injury occurrence in each of the 50 US states, prevention information, policy recommendations, and a resources section with links to government and nonprofit sites worldwide. The IPW links to groups with a focus on a large variety of fields: codes and standards, education, ergonomics, fire prevention, industrial safety, interior design, legislation and litigation, public health, traffic safety, product safety, disasters, and more. Insurance Research Council (IRC) is an independent, nonprofit research organization supported by property and casualty insurance companies and associations. IRC conducts research to assist insurers and the general public in reaching sound decisions on legislative and regulatory issues. US Department of Transportation (DOT) is the federal agency responsible for overall national policy for all transportation modes (air, rail, marine, and road). DOT agencies with an interest in highway safety include the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Federal Highway Administration, and Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. The DOT Auto Safety Hotline specializes in gathering information about safety problems in motor vehicles and equipment. The Hotline can be dialed toll free at 1-888-DASH-2-DOT (1-888-327-4236). In operation since 1975, the Hotline provides information about motor vehicle safety, child safety seats, vehicle importation and certification, and airbags. Consumers may also speak with a consultant to file reports on vehicle safety defects and provide recall and other valuable information. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), part of the US Department of Transportation, administers federal laws relating to motor vehicle and highway safety. Available on this site are crash statistics, vehicle safety ratings from the agency's frontal and side impact test programs, vehicle safety regulations and standards, recall announcements, and a wide range of other consumer and technical information. Network of Employers for Traffic Safety The NETS mission is to reduce traffic crashes involving America's workers and their families by helping employers implement well-developed policies, dynamic workplace programs, and compelling community activities related to traffic safety. Government and industry leaders created the organization to address the human and economic impact of traffic crashes on the nation's workforce as well as their families and communities. Partners for Child Passenger Safety (PCPS), a research partnership between The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and State Farm Insurance Companies, is the country's largest research project devoted to children in crashes. Site includes PCPS research findings, educational resource materials, and multimedia information for parents/caregivers on the basics of child passenger safety. Roadway Safety Foundation is a private, nonprofit organization dedicated to reducing highway deaths and injuries by improving the physical design and condition of roadways.

Advocates for Highway and Auto Safety is an alliance of consumer, health, and safety groups and insurance companies and agents that seeks to educate the public, the press, and policymakers about the need for improved highway and auto safety regulations. This site offers information on state laws, legislative alerts, polls on highway safety issues, and other reports.

The American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators (AAMVA) is a nonprofit organization developing model programs in motor vehicle administration, law enforcement, and highway safety. The association also serves as an information clearinghouse in these areas, and acts as the international spokesman for these interests.

Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), part of the US Department of Transportation, oversees federal funding for the construction and improvement of highways, urban and rural roads, and bridges. In the area of safety, FHWA conducts research on safety practices and technologies for all phases of highway design and operations, focusing on ways to improve intersections, pedestrian and bicyclist safety, run-off-road safety, and speed management.

Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA), formerly part of the Federal Highway Administration, oversees commercial motor vehicle safety. FMCSA activities include enforcement of safety regulations, targeting high-risk carriers and commercial motor vehicle drivers, improving safety information systems and commercial motor vehicle technologies, strengthening commercial motor vehicle equipment and operating standards, and increasing safety awareness.

The Governors Highway Safety Association (GHSA) is a nonprofit association representing the highway safety offices of states, territories, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. GHSA provides leadership and representation for the states and territories to improve traffic safety, influence national policy and enhance program management. Its members are appointed by their Governors to administer federal and state highway safety funds and implement state higway safety plans.

The Highway Safety Research Center (HSRC) at UNC conducts interdisciplinary research aimed at reducing deaths, injuries, and related societal costs of roadway crashes. Research examines motor vehicle, bicycle, and pedestrian crashes, taking into account human, vehicular, roadway and environmental factors. Center researchers investigate issues that may affect future legislation and policies, including: driver distraction, graduated driver licensing, the role of alcohol in crashes, elderly driving issues, occupant restraint use, roadway design, commercial vehicle safety and enforcement, as well as pedestrian and bicycle safety.

The Injury Prevention Web (IPW) is an advertising-free site supported by the Center for Injury Prevention Policy and Practice at San Diego State University. It contains data on injury occurrence in each of the 50 US states, prevention information, policy recommendations, and a resources section with links to government and nonprofit sites worldwide. The IPW links to groups with a focus on a large variety of fields: codes and standards, education, ergonomics, fire prevention, industrial safety, interior design, legislation and litigation, public health, traffic safety, product safety, disasters, and more.

Insurance Research Council (IRC) is an independent, nonprofit research organization supported by property and casualty insurance companies and associations. IRC conducts research to assist insurers and the general public in reaching sound decisions on legislative and regulatory issues.

US Department of Transportation (DOT) is the federal agency responsible for overall national policy for all transportation modes (air, rail, marine, and road). DOT agencies with an interest in highway safety include the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Federal Highway Administration, and Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration.

The DOT Auto Safety Hotline specializes in gathering information about safety problems in motor vehicles and equipment. The Hotline can be dialed toll free at 1-888-DASH-2-DOT (1-888-327-4236). In operation since 1975, the Hotline provides information about motor vehicle safety, child safety seats, vehicle importation and certification, and airbags. Consumers may also speak with a consultant to file reports on vehicle safety defects and provide recall and other valuable information.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), part of the US Department of Transportation, administers federal laws relating to motor vehicle and highway safety. Available on this site are crash statistics, vehicle safety ratings from the agency's frontal and side impact test programs, vehicle safety regulations and standards, recall announcements, and a wide range of other consumer and technical information.

Network of Employers for Traffic Safety The NETS mission is to reduce traffic crashes involving America's workers and their families by helping employers implement well-developed policies, dynamic workplace programs, and compelling community activities related to traffic safety. Government and industry leaders created the organization to address the human and economic impact of traffic crashes on the nation's workforce as well as their families and communities.

Partners for Child Passenger Safety (PCPS), a research partnership between The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and State Farm Insurance Companies, is the country's largest research project devoted to children in crashes. Site includes PCPS research findings, educational resource materials, and multimedia information for parents/caregivers on the basics of child passenger safety.

Roadway Safety Foundation is a private, nonprofit organization dedicated to reducing highway deaths and injuries by improving the physical design and condition of roadways.

ROAD SAFETY RESEARCH

Malaysia

Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS)

Established on 3rd January 2007, MIROS functions as a one-stop centre for the generation and dissemination of road safety information through the print media and a concerted training programme. MIROS carries out studies and evaluates current procedures on road safety to generate information that will form the core of its evidence based intervention programmes to enhance road safety.

Function

 Conduct high impact research that will be translated into road safety policies.

·       Develop national objectives, policies, and priorities for the orderly development and administration of road safety research.

·       Enhance and increase knowledge based on new developments in issues related to road safety.

·       Serve as an audit and accreditation agency in curriculum design and standards on road safety.

·        Propose evidenced based cost-effective interventions/ programmes.

·        Serve as a repository of knowledge and linkage on road safety.

·        Serve as a centre providing consultation and advice on road safety issues.

Role Of Departments & Units

MIROS is headed by a Director General and administratively organised into three Centres and two Divisions. The centres are the Road Engineering and Environment Research Centre, Road User Behavioural Change Research Centre, and the Vehicle Safety and Biomechanics Research Centre, while the divisions are the Administration and Finance Division and Publications & Knowledge Management Division.

Road Engineering and Environment Research Centre (REER)

The Road Safety Engineering & Environment Research Centre (REER) is organised into three units:

1. Accident Database and Analysis Unit.

2. Transport Planning and Traffic Engineering Unit.

3. Exposure Control & Travel Survey Unit.

Some of the major objectives of this Centre are to:

1.  Provide for a continuously updated national accident and injury database.

2. Map accident data using geographical codes, Road User Movement (RUM) accident code and digital code.

3.  Undertake diagnostic analysis on road accidents and assessment of safety interventions.

4.  Undertake research on safer road designs and road environment.

5.  Develop traffic models on traffic and transportation fa-cilities.

6.  Carry out survey on vehicle which operate annually to assess Vehicle Kilometer Travelled rate (VKT) and Passenger Kilometer Travelled (PKT).

Road User Behavioural Change Research Centre (RUBC)

RUBC performs in-depth research to help convert negative behaviour road user. From administrative aspect, these research centres fall into 3unit. Each unit sub having research scope and focus more specific which contributed to general objective in enhancing road safety through behaviour more positive. Administratively the Centre is sub divided into:

1. education and training units.
2. design and instrumental units.
3. human factors and accident costing units.

The major objectives of this Centre are to:

1.  Undertake research into the effectiveness of road safety campaigns, traffic calming measures, sociology of transport, enforcement, and psychology of road user behaviour.

2.   Assess the effectiveness of road safety knowledge through education.

3.   Oversee and accredit driving institutes nationwide.

Vehicle Safety and Biomechanics Research Centre (VSB)

Administratively, to ensure smooth work flow, the Centre is divided into four units:

1.    Pre & Post Injury Research Unit.

2.    Crash Safety Engineering Unit.

3.    Crash Reconstruction Unit and.

4.    Quality, Safety Health & Environment Unit.

The major objectives of the Centre are to:

1.  Carry out crashworthiness investigation in the mechanics of injury, biomechanics and human tolerance to crash, including reconstruction of injury-related crashes.

2.   Undertake research on trauma care, post-injury treatment, emergency response and pre- and post-crash medical health.

3. Review policies and current approaches towards improving Standard Opera-ting Procedures, Code of Practice and Industrial Standards through technical reports and publications as well as recommendations.

4.   Carry out validation tests on the impact of accidents.

5.   Monitor and audit implementation of SHE.

Administration and Finance

The Administration and Finance Division comprises the Administration, Finance and Contract, and Training and Capacity Building units.

The major tasks of this Division are to:

1.   Formulate and execute guidelines on human resource management and development;

2.  Institute procedures and processes for maintenance of infrastructure and general administration.

3.   Manage finance and accounts and prepare the annual budget.

4.   Manage assets and inventory, planning and asset acquisition through tender or direct negotiations.

5.   Plan, manage and organise staff training courses/workshops for career development, in-service examinations and standardise competency development programmes for all staff.

Publications & Knowledge Management Division

The Publications and Knowledge Management Division is comprise three units:
Publications Unit, IT and Multimedia Unit, and Library and International Linkages.

Among the major responsibilities of the Division are to:

1. Publish and disseminate research output in the form of research reports, investigative reports and codes as well as other publicity materials;

2.   Develop the library as a major repository of road safety resources for the region with extensive linkages with international road safety bodies and research institutions; and

3.   Plan, organise and develop IT infrastructure, application systems for internet and intranet networking and information access and retrieval as well ensure data integrity.